About the AAQ

Evidence-Based Assessment for Aesthetic Medicine

The Appearance Anxiety Questionnaire was developed to address a critical need in aesthetic practice: identifying patients who may be at risk for poor outcomes due to underlying psychological factors.

The Clinical Challenge

Aesthetic procedures are increasingly popular, yet a significant minority of patients present with elevated appearance anxiety or Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD). These patients often experience poor outcomes, continued distress, and may seek repeated procedures without satisfaction.

Research suggests that 7-15% of aesthetic patients may meet criteria for BDD, compared to 1-2% in the general population.

Patient Protection

Identify vulnerable patients before potentially harmful interventions

Risk Reduction

Reduce complaints and litigation through informed consent

Appropriate Support

Ensure psychological referral when indicated

Better Outcomes

Improve overall patient satisfaction and results

Seven Clinical Domains

The AAQ assesses appearance-related anxiety across seven empirically-derived subscales, each measuring a distinct aspect of the patient's relationship with their appearance.

A

Preoccupation

Time and mental energy devoted to appearance concerns

B

Social Threat

Fear of negative evaluation and judgement by others

C

Avoidance

Avoiding social situations due to appearance concerns

D

Safety Behaviours

Camouflaging, checking, and reassurance-seeking

E

Mood Reactivity

Emotional responses to perceived appearance changes

F

Self-Worth

Degree to which self-esteem is contingent on appearance

G

Functional Impairment

Impact on work, relationships, and daily activities

AAQ-Alert: BDD Risk Screening

In addition to the core assessment, five dedicated items screen for specific BDD risk indicators that warrant careful clinical attention.

Key Indicator

Symptom Migration

History of concerns shifting between body areas after treatment

Insight Discrepancy

Gap between perceived and objective appearance

Compulsive Research

Excessive time researching procedures online

Urgency

Pressure to have procedures performed immediately

Perfectionism

Unrealistic expectations of treatment outcomes

The Triage System

Assessment results generate a clear triage recommendation to guide clinical decision-making.

G

Green - Lower Risk

Standard consultation pathway. Minimal appearance anxiety indicators. Proceed with normal informed consent process.

A

Amber - Further Assessment

Moderate indicators present. Extended consultation advised to explore motivations, expectations, and psychological readiness. Consider cooling-off period.

R

Red - Potential Contraindication

Elevated BDD risk indicators present. Psychological assessment recommended before proceeding. Consider referral to mental health professional.

Ready to Improve Patient Screening?

Join aesthetic clinics using evidence-based assessment to protect patients and improve outcomes.